Using data from 1984-2022, they find strong short-term sensitivity to macroeconomic shocks, while long-term spending is shaped by economic fundamentals and regional dynamics. They emphasize fiscal pressures and call for resilient budgeting, sustainable financing, and stronger regional cooperation.
Their results show that hybrid models—especially EEMD-based ones—perform best, with the EEMD-GAM spline model leading overall. Interest rates are the strongest predictor, followed by crude oil prices, underscoring the role of macroeconomic conditions in price stability.
How do young statistics graduates in Algeria transition into the labor market?
In issue 1/2026, Chellai Fatih studies time-to-employment using a Cox model and finds language skills and cohort effects strongly shape job entry speed.
Read more: doi.org/10.1515/spp-...