Online now: Stepwise epigenetic signal integration drives adaptive programming of cytotoxic lymphocytes
Adaptive programming in lymphocytes during infection depends on when—not just whether—they sense antigen and proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-12. Grassmann et al. reveal that AP-1/STAT4 cooperation links signal timing to lymphocyte fate, tuning CD8+ T cell responses and driving the decision between innate versus adaptive programs in NK cells.
