Check also our recent paper in Current Biology on how striosomes regulate dopamine in the dorsal striatum via dual pathways that parallel canonical basal ganglia circuits.
www.cell.com/current-biol...
mcgovern.mit.edu/2024/10/23/b...
Lazaridis et al. delineate a previously unrecognized pair of striosomal direct D1 and indirect D2 circuits that target substantia nigra dopamine-containing neurons, controllers of mood, action, and reinforcement learning. These striosomal circuits have effects opposing those of the canonical D1-direct/D2-indirect pathways, likely modulating them.
