Nature Metabolism, Published online: 08 June 2026; doi:10.1038/s42255-026-01539-3To understand which neurons respond to and mediate the action of the amylin receptor agonist cagrilintide, the authors generated a spatially resolved transcriptomics atlas of the caudal brainstem in mice, rats and macaques. Follow-up work in rats identified brainstem Calcr/Prlh neurons as mediators of the long-term effects of cagrilintide.