V useful paper on how to build European defence institutions in the short/medium run which realistically function without the US. Deterrence requires pre-delegation of authority (military/economic), allowing automated planned responses in a crisis w/o EU members having to agree under pressure. 1/3
Niko Jaakkola
Europeans face a kind of “Schrödinger’s NATO”: the US appears both committed to, and absent from, the alliance at the same time. Instead of keeping NATO fully reliant on America, Europeans need to create a security architecture underpinned by Europeans themselves. 1/3
