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The Peterson Institute for International Economics is a nonpartisan, independent research institution devoted to studying international economic policy. Explore our research: piie.com
Peterson Institute for International Economics









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The State Department's Foreign Terrorist Organization designation for two organized crime gangs in Brazil puts further pressure on PIX, Brazil's central bank–owned instant payment platform. @mdebolle.com explains:
The $100,000 tax on H-1B workers was illegal from the first minute. The US president has no such power, as federal court just ruled. —> www.reuters.com/world/trumps... I wrote at @piie.com why White House economists' own justification for the tax was spurious—> www.piie.com/blogs/realti...
15h
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Peterson Institute for International Economics
Michael Clemens
Latest must-read from PIIE's McKibbin, Noland! Global economic implications of the 2026 Middle East war: slower growth and higher inflation hitting emerging markets harder than advanced economies www.piie.com/publications...
New from PIIE: Higher energy prices due to the Middle East war would slow economic growth globally, particularly in emerging markets www.piie.com/research/pii...
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NEW: If oil prices stay around $120/barrel + sharp rises in LNG, refined petroleum, & fertilizer prices for a year, global growth would slow, with economic effects spread unevenly. Emerging economies would be hit harder than advanced economies. #PIIECharts
Alan Wm. Wolff writes that there was already an echo of Pope Leo's message on AI to be found in what many would think a most unexpected place: the rules of the WTO. If a globally coherent AI regulation framework emerges, the WTO could play a central role.
Reconstructing Venezuela will be one of the most arduous challenges any Latin American nation has ever encountered & will require public resources that will come from the international financial institutions whose debt is senior to current bondholders.
Language carries behavioral signals traveling from institutions to markets, policymakers to the public, & now human beings to machines. With AI, policymakers can observe these dynamics directly, rather than inferring from market reactions or political outcomes. By @mdebolle.com:
Read more here:
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NEW: Trump's Agreements on Reciprocal Trade with 9 trading partners construct a legal architecture to pull US trade partners away from China & to constrain China economically—setting a framework to mold global value chains around US strategic preferences.
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Nell Henderson
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Nell Henderson
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The Trump administration's determination to come up with new rationales for old tariffs has now targeted Brazil. This month, the US Trade Representative (USTR) suddenly concluded that a range of Brazi...
www.piie.com
The latest US squeeze on Brazil jeopardizes its financial autonomy
5d
Peterson Institute for International Economics
Peterson Institute for International Economics
Peterson Institute for International Economics
Peterson Institute for International Economics
Peterson Institute for International Economics
Peterson Institute for International Economics
This year's Middle East war has driven up energy prices, disrupting economic activity around the world. If these effects persist for a year, they will slow global growth, hurting emerging economies mo...
www.piie.com
Higher energy prices due to the Middle East war would slow economic growth globally, particularly in emerging markets
www.piie.com
Global economic implications of the 2026 Middle East war
On May 13, 2026, the government of Venezuela announced its intent to commence the restructuring process of its sovereign debt and the debt of its state-owned oil company PDVSA. This announcement came ...
www.piie.com
Are Venezuelan bondholders trying to jump the line?
The main thesis of Pope Leo XIV's 2026 encyclical Magnifica Humanitas ("On Safeguarding the Human Person in the Time of Artificial Intelligence") is that artificial intelligence (AI) must serve humani...
www.piie.com
The Pope, AI, and the WTO
This paper explores two scenarios for the potential economic effects of a Middle East war that causes a spike in energy prices. In the first, oil prices surge for one year to around $120 per barrel, w...
www.piie.com
Global economic implications of the 2026 Middle East war
Monica de Bolle shows how the technology can enable governments to frame their policies better.
prosyn.org
Using AI to Test Policy Language
When the Trump administration imposed so-called "reciprocal," country-specific tariff rates in April 2025, it made clear that the measures were intended not only to protect US industry but also as neg...
www.piie.com
US reciprocal trade deals built to push America's trade partners away from China